以正方教务系统为例,用php模拟登陆抓取课表、空教室

课程格子和超级课程表这两个应用,想必大学生都很熟悉,使用自己的学号和教务系统的密码,就可以将自己的课表导入,随时随地都可以在手机上查看。
其实稍微了解一点php的话,我们也可以做一个类似这样的web 应用。

解决掉验证码

这是正方的一个小bug,当我们进入登陆界面时,浏览器会去请求服务器,服务器会生成一个验证码图片。如果我们不去请求这个图片,那么正方后台也不会生成相应的验证码,于是这样我们就有了可乘之机,让我高兴会儿~这时,我们在不填写验证码的情况下,可以很流畅的进入。大家可以在自己的电脑上禁止访问验证码的地址,然后试试这是不是真的~当然,这只对正方有效。

php 的curl 模拟登陆

这里直接贴一个脚本之家对 curl 的讲解http://www.jb51.net/article/51299.htm
接下来就是相关代码了,相信很多人和我一样,只喜欢看例子,对于长篇大论的讲解,转头就走……不过这个习惯还是不好……废话不多说!

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//模拟登陆
function curl_request($url,$post='',$cookie='', $returnCookie=0){
$curl = curl_init();
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/6.0)');
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_AUTOREFERER, 1);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_REFERER, "这里一定要换成教务系统登陆的url"); //填写教务系统url
if($post) {
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query($post));
}
if($cookie) {
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_COOKIE, $cookie);
}
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HEADER, $returnCookie);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 20);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
$data = curl_exec($curl);
if (curl_errno($curl)) {
return curl_error($curl);
}
curl_close($curl);
if($returnCookie){
list($header, $body) = explode("\r\n\r\n", $data, 2);
preg_match_all("/Set\-Cookie:([^;]*);/", $header, $matches);
$info['cookie'] = substr($matches[1][0], 1);
$info['content'] = $body;
return $info;
}else{
return $data;
}
}

教务系统登陆页面的隐藏字段

举个栗子
<input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" value="dDwyODE2NTM0OTg7Oz61eIbnKVojBioGYtg2vsy2SklwiA==">
这些东西在登陆的时候也是需要带上的,顺便贴出函数,顺便暴漏了博主的学校……皇家种地大学(主要是正则表达式的运用)

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//登陆页面的隐藏字段
function getView(){
$url = 'http://jw.hzau.edu.cn/default2.aspx';
$result = curl_request($url);
$pattern = '/<input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" value="(.*?)" \/>/is';
preg_match_all($pattern, $result, $matches);
$res[0] = $matches[1][0];

return $res[0] ;
}
  //返回教室查询页面的隐藏值
private function getViewJs($cookie,$xh){
$url = "http://jw.hzau.edu.cn/xxjsjy.aspx?xh={$xh}";
$result = curl_request($url,'',$cookie);
$pattern = '/<input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" value="(.*?)" \/>/is';
preg_match_all($pattern, $result, $matches);
$res[0] = $matches[1][0];
return $res[0] ;
}
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function login($xh,$pwd){
$url = 'http://jw.hzau.edu.cn/default2.aspx';
$post['__VIEWSTATE'] = $this->getView();
$post['txtUserName'] = $xh; //填写学号
$post['TextBox2'] = $pwd; //填写密码
$post['txtSecretCode'] = '';
$post['lbLanguage'] = '';
$post['hidPdrs'] = '';
$post['hidsc'] = '';
$post['RadioButtonList1'] = iconv('utf-8', 'gb2312', '学生');
$post['Button1'] = iconv('utf-8', 'gb2312', '登录');
$result = curl_request($url,$post,'', 1);
return $result['cookie'];
}

让我们来试试查课表的功能

格式有点乱额,大家凑合着看,我把课表转成了一个二维关联数组

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//返回课表字符串
private function classresult($xh,$pwd){
date_default_timezone_set("PRC"); //时区设置
$classList = "";//声明课表变量

$cookie = $this->login($xh,$pwd);
$view = $this->getViewJs($cookie,$xh);//验证密码是否正确

//如果密码正确
if (!empty($view)) {
$url = "http://jw.hzau.edu.cn/xskbcx.aspx?xh={$xh}";
$result = curl_request($url,'',$cookie); //保存的cookies
preg_match_all('/<table id="Table1"[\w\W]*?>([\w\W]*?)<\/table>/',$result,$out);
$table = $out[0][0]; //获取整个课表

preg_match_all('/<td [\w\W]*?>([\w\W]*?)<\/td>/',$table,$out);
$td = $out[1];
$length = count($td);

//获得课程列表
for ($i=0; $i < $length; $i++) {
$td[$i] = str_replace("<br>", "", $td[$i]);

$reg = "/{(.*)}/";

if (!preg_match_all($reg, $td[$i], $matches)) {
unset($td[$i]);
}
}

$td = array_values($td); //将课程列表数组重新索引
$tdLength = count($td);
for ($i=0; $i < $tdLength; $i++) {
$td[$i] = iconv('GB2312','UTF-8',$td[$i]);
}

//将课表转换成数组形式
function converttoTable($table){
$list = array(
'sun' => array(
'1,2' => '',
'3,4' => '',
'5,6' => '',
'7,8' => '',
'9,10' => ''
),
'mon' => array(
'1,2' => '',
'3,4' => '',
'5,6' => '',
'7,8' => '',
'9,10' => ''
),
'tues' => array(
'1,2' => '',
'3,4' => '',
'5,6' => '',
'7,8' => '',
'9,10' => ''
),
'wed' => array(
'1,2' => '',
'3,4' => '',
'5,6' => '',
'7,8' => '',
'9,10' => ''
),
'thur' => array(
'1,2' => '',
'3,4' => '',
'5,6' => '',
'7,8' => '',
'9,10' => ''
),
'fri' => array(
'1,2' => '',
'3,4' => '',
'5,6' => '',
'7,8' => '',
'9,10' => ''
),
'sat' => array(
'1,2' => '',
'3,4' => '',
'5,6' => '',
'7,8' => '',
'9,10' => ''
)
);
$week = array("sun"=>"周日","mon"=>"周一","tues"=>"周二","wed"=>"周三","thur"=>"周四","fri"=>"周五","sat"=>"周六");
$order = array('1,2','3,4','5,6','7,8','9,10');
foreach ($table as $key => $value) {
$class = $value;
foreach ($week as $key => $weekDay) {
$pos = strpos($class,$weekDay);
// echo $pos;
if ($pos) {
$weekArrayDay = $key; //获取list数组中的第一维key
foreach ($order as $key => $orderClass) {
$pos = strpos($class,$orderClass);
if ($pos) {
$weekArrayOrder = $orderClass; //获取该课程是第几节
break;
}
}
break;
}
}
$list[$weekArrayDay][$weekArrayOrder] = $class;
}
return $list;
}

//调用函数
return converttoTable($td);
}else{
return 0;
}
}

再试试查询空教室的功能

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//空教室查询结果
public function roomresult(){
$xh = ""; //设置学号
$pwd = ""; //学号对应的密码

$cookie = $this->login($xh,$pwd);
$url = "http://jw.hzau.edu.cn/xs_main.aspx?xh={$xh}";
$result = curl_request($url,'',$cookie); //保存的cookies

$url="http://jw.hzau.edu.cn/xxjsjy.aspx?xh={$xh}";
$post['Button2'] = iconv('utf-8', 'gb2312', '空教室查询');
$post['__EVENTARGUMENT']='';
$post['__EVENTTARGET']='';
$post['__VIEWSTATE'] = $this->getViewJs($cookie,$xh);
$post['ddlDsz'] = iconv('utf-8', 'gb2312', '单');
$post['ddlSyXn'] = '2014-2015'; //学年
$post['ddlSyxq'] = '1';
$post['jslb'] = '';
$post['xiaoq'] = '';

$post['kssj']=$_GET['start']; //提交的开始查询时间
$post['sjd']=$_GET['class'];//提交的课程节次

$post['xn']='2014-2015';//所在学年
$post['xq']='2';//所在学期
$post['xqj']='6';//当天星期几
$post['dpDataGrid1:txtPageSize']=90;//每页显示条数

$result = curl_request($url,$post,$cookie,0);

preg_match_all('/<span[^>]+>[^>]+span>/',$result,$out);
$tip = iconv('gb2312', 'utf-8', $out[0][3]);//获取页面前部的提示内容
preg_match_all('/<table[\w\W]*?>([\w\W]*?)<\/table>/',$result,$out);
$table = iconv('gb2312', 'utf-8', $out[0][0]); //获取查询列表

$this->load->view("classroom",array('tip'=>$tip,'table'=>$table));
}

总结起来就是这些了,每个学校的教务系统都不尽相同,这时我们可以借助火狐浏览器的 firebug 抓包,看看到底提交了哪些东西。如果不成功,要看看自己该提交的东西post 上去了没有,如果再不成功

就这些了,赶快去试试吧!